"that" 是一个关系代词,用于引导定语从句, 可以引导限定性和非限定性定语从句。在定语从句中,"that" 可以代替人或物作为先行词,并在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。
限定性定语从句
"that" 可以引导限定性定语从句,修饰一个或多个名词或代词,提供关于先行词的额外信息。例如:
The book that I borrowed is very interesting.
The person that called you is my friend.
非限定性定语从句
"that" 也可以引导非限定性定语从句,通常用逗号与主句分隔,提供关于先行词的额外信息,但不影响主句的意思。例如:
My brother, that lives in New York, is a doctor.
They talked about the people and the things that they remembered in the school.
需要注意的是,当先行词是"人"并且引导词在从句中作宾语成分时,通常使用"whom"而不是"that"。例如:
The woman whom I met at the party is my cousin.
此外,"that" 还可以引导一些特殊结构的定语从句,例如:
It is/was + 形容词 + that + 从句。例如:I think it important that you tell your mother the truth.
总结:
"that" 可以引导限定性和非限定性定语从句。
"that" 可以代替人或物作为先行词,并在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。
当先行词是"人"并且引导词在从句中作宾语成分时,通常使用"whom"。
"that" 还可以引导一些特殊结构的定语从句。