主谓结构的英语句子由主语和谓语组成，谓语动词通常为不及物动词，表示主语的动作或状态。以下是主谓结构的典型例句分类及解析：
一、基本结构（主+谓）
简单句 The cat sleeps. [猫睡觉]
The river flows. [河流动]
The book reads easily. [书读起来轻松]
含否定句
The cake is not delicious. [蛋糕不好吃]
The movie was boring. [电影很无聊]
The problem remains unsolved. [问题仍未解决]
二、扩展结构（主+系动词+表语）
状态描述
The sky is blue. [天空是蓝色的]
The flowers smell sweet. [花闻起来香]
The weather is sunny. [天气晴朗]
存在句
There is a cat in the room. [房间里有一只猫]
There are many trees in the park. [公园里有很多树]
There was noise from the construction site. [建筑工地有噪音]
三、含补足语的结构
结果补足语
The cake baked is delicious. [烤好的蛋糕很好吃]
The problem solved is complex. [解决的问题很复杂]
The letter written was heartfelt. [写的那封信很感人]
方式补足语
The runner ran swiftly. [跑者跑得很快]
The singer sang beautifully. [歌手唱得很好听]
The teacher explained clearly. [老师解释得很清楚]
四、特殊用法
倒装句
部分倒装： SVC（主语+助动词/情态动词+谓语） The cake is
The problem remainsunsolved. [问题仍未解决]
完全倒装：V+主语
Neverhave I seen such a movie. [我从未看过如此电影]
Herecomes the bus. [公交车来了]
省略句 主语省略
The teacher （who teaches English）is very patient. [教英语的老师非常有耐心]
The book （that I borrowed）is fascinating. [我借的那本书很吸引人]
助动词省略： You （should）
The meeting （that was scheduled）started at 3 PM. [原定于下午3点的会议开始了]
注意事项
谓语动词选择：主谓结构要求谓语为不及物动词（如run, sleep）或含系动词的复合结构（如be, seem）。
主语多样性：可作主语的成分包括名词、代词、动名词、动词不定式等。
时态与语态：通过助动词（如do/does）和动词变形体现时态变化。
通过以上分类和例句，可系统掌握主谓结构的用法及扩展形式。
