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句子桥梁网—您身边的句子专家

怎样判断定语从句中先行词?

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判断定语从句中先行词的方法如下:

一、先行词的定义

先行词是定语从句中被修饰的名词或代词。例如:

例句:The book which I am reading is very interesting.

先行词:

the book(被定语从句which修饰)

二、判断方法

位置分析法

先行词位于定语从句之前,而定语从句紧跟其后。例如:

- 正常语序:I will never forget the day whenI first went to school.

- 从句调整后:I will never forget the day thatwas very special to me.

通过调整语序可更清晰地看出先行词(day)在从句中作主语。

成分分析法

先行词在定语从句中需充当成分(如主语、宾语、定语等)。例如:

- that引导的从句:

- The singer thatsang the song is my friend.

- who引导的从句:

- The student whopassed the exam is on my list.

通过分析从句缺少的成分可确定先行词。

语义关联法

先行词与定语从句在语义上存在关联。例如:

- 时间先行词:

- The movie whenit was released was a hit.

- 地点先行词:

- The city whereI was born is beautiful.

通过语义关联可辅助判断。

三、注意事项

关系代词与关系副词的区分

- 人:who, whom, that

- 物:which, that

- 时间/地点/原因:when, where, why

例如:

- The book whichI borrowed is interesting.

- The reason whythe meeting was delayed is unknown.

特殊先行词

- 不定代词(如all, everything)可作先行词,需结合语境判断;

- 当先行词被the only, the very等限定时,通常指代单数名词。

分隔定语从句

在不引起歧义的情况下,定语从句可与其先行词分开。例如:

- The man who lives next dooris my neighbor.

这里通过调整语序将定语从句与先行词分隔。

通过以上方法,可系统判断定语从句中的先行词,并正确选择关系词。