一、主动语态例句
基本结构 :主语 + be动词(am/is/are) + 动词ing形式 + 其他成分 The cat is sleeping
on the sofa.(猫正在沙发上睡觉)时间状语 现在分词作后置定语
现在分词作后置定语
The readingmaterial was left on the table.(阅读材料被留在桌子上)
时间状语从句: While she was cooking dinner, the phone rang.(她正在做饭时电话响了) 二、被动语态例句基本结构
:主语 + be动词(am/is/are) + being done + by + 原句主语 + 其他成分
The letter is being writtenby my friend.(信正在被我的朋友写)
时间状语 现在分词作后置定语
The being repairedcar is parked outside.(正在维修的车停在外面)
时间状语从句:
When the cake was baking, the doorbell rang.(蛋糕正在烤制时门铃响了)
三、对比说明
| 主动语态 | 被动语态 | 动作执行者 | 动作承受者 |
|----------|----------|------------|------------|
| The cat sleeps | The cat is being slept | cat | (隐含) I |
| The cake is baked | The cake is being baked | (隐含) The oven | cake |
| The letter is written | The letter is being written | (隐含) someone | the letter |
四、注意事项
被动语态中,be动词需根据主语变化(如am→is→are);
现在进行时的被动语态需用"being done"形式;
通过"by"引出动作执行者。
以上例句覆盖了主动语态和被动语态的基本用法及常见结构,可根据实际语境灵活运用。